ID-Control Law 2015 (Lag 2015:1073)
On 18 December 2015 the Riksdag passed Lag 2015:1073, authorising mandatory carrier identity checks at Sweden's southern border crossings; the law was activated on Öresund traffic on 4 January 2016, halved daily commuter flows, and converted the autumn 2015 refugee-policy U-turn into binding statute.
Lag (2015:1073) om särskilda åtgärder vid allvarlig fara för den allmänna ordningen eller den inre säkerheten i landet — known as the ID-kontrollagen — was passed by the Riksdag on 17 December 2015 and promulgated the next day. It gave the government the authority to require carrier-side identity checks on buses, trains, and ferries entering Sweden from a neighbouring state. The legal vehicle was emergency in form but generic in scope.
In practice the law had one target: the Öresund crossing. Mandatory carrier ID checks were activated on 4 January 2016 and stayed in force until 4 May 2017. The effect on the Öresund integrated labour market was immediate: daily commuter flows roughly halved, and the political symbolism of a freely crossable bridge between Malmö and Copenhagen was suspended for the first time since the bridge opened in 2000.
Lag 2015:1073 is the legal pin that fastens the November 2015 policy U-turn to a statute the next government would have to actively repeal rather than passively let lapse. It also provided template emergency-powers logic for later migration legislation, including parts of the Tidö-derived 2025 implementation cluster.